Nocturnal fat oxidation is lower in older individuals with overweight/obesity, including those with type 2 diabetes, and is associated with fasting triglyceride levels
Authors' conclusion
Nocturnal fat oxidation (% of energy expenditure) is diminished in older individuals with overweight/obesity, irrespective of diabetes status. No differences in nocturnal energy expenditure (adjusted for fat-free mass) or substrate oxidation were observed between young and older lean individuals, suggesting that age per se may not strongly influence nocturnal substrate metabolism. Fasting triglyceride level was the strongest associated factor of nocturnal substrate oxidation.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals varying in age, body composition and metabolic status from 18 previously conducted human clinical studies, under energy balance with similar diet composition and meal timing
- Participants
- 187 individuals18 studies
- Comparison
- Nocturnal energy expenditure and substrate oxidation across young lean (YL), older lean (OL), OBE and T2D
- Outcome
- Nocturnal fat oxidation (% of energy expenditure)
Methodological detailswhole-room indirect calorimetry, energy balance conditions
- Whole-room indirect calorimetry
- Energy balance conditions
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
OBE vs YL: P < 0.01 · T2D vs YL: P < 0.01 · OBE vs OL: P < 0.01 · T2D vs OL: P < 0.01
Further pooled results
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| Nocturnal energy expenditure, adjusted for fat-free massOBE vs YL · higher in OBE | P < 0.01 |
| Nocturnal energy expenditure, adjusted for fat-free massOBE vs OL · higher in OBE | P < 0.01 |
| Nocturnal energy expenditure, adjusted for fat-free massT2D vs OL · higher in T2D | P < 0.01 |
Association of fasting TG with nocturnal substrate metabolism (standardised linear regression)
- Nocturnal respiratory exchange ratio, β
- 0.337 (95% CI 0.165, 0.508)
- Nocturnal carbohydrate oxidation (% of energy expenditure), β
- 0.337 (95% CI 0.166, 0.509)
- Nocturnal fat oxidation (% of energy expenditure), β
- −0.352 (95% CI −0.520, −0.813)
Original publication
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