Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Missed antenatal diabetes care appointments and neonatal outcomes for pregnancies with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes
Authors' conclusion
In individuals with Type 1 and 2 diabetes, there are differences in neonatal outcomes between those who missed an appointment compared to those who did not. It remains unclear if missed diabetes appointments are causative or a marker of other health behaviours or risk factors leading to neonatal morbidity.
Study context
- Population
- Pregnant women with T1D or T2D attending specialized clinics, 2008–2020; 25.1% (T1D) and 34.5% (T2D) missed ≥1 appointment407 T1D, 902 T2D
- Exposure
- ≥1 missed antenatal diabetes appointment vs no missed appointments
- Outcome
- Neonatal and delivery outcomes, missed ≥1 appointment vs none
Methodological detailslive birth cohort, specialized clinics, logistic regression, mediation analyses
- Live birth cohort
- Specialized clinics
- Logistic regression
- Mediation analyses
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Missed appointment vs No missed appointmentAdjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
T1D: caesarean section
1.95(1.15–3.31)
T1D: neonatal ICU admission
2.25(1.35–3.75)
T2D: large-for-gestational-age infant
1.61(1.13–2.28)
T2D: extreme large-for-gestational-age infant
1.69(1.02–2.81)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Mediation by above-target HbA1c
- Above-target HbA1c mediated the link between missed appointments and caesarean delivery in T1D, and large-for-gestational-age and extreme large-for-gestational-age in T2D
Original publication
Missed antenatal diabetes care appointments and neonatal outcomes for pregnancies with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. Published 20 September 2022. doi:10.
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