Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Trajectories of Offspring Fat–Lean Balance in the Millennium Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
Maternal GDM exposure was associated with age-varying differences in offspring fat mass and fat-lean balance during childhood and adolescence, and these associations were attenuated after adjustment for maternal pre-pregnancy adiposity.
Study context
- Population
- Offspring in the UK Millennium Cohort Study, body composition trajectories from ages 7–17 years
- Participants
- 14,329 offspring
- Exposure
- Offspring exposed to maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) vs unexposed offspring
- GDM-exposedn = 170
- Outcome
- Body composition trajectories: FM, BF%, FMI, FFMI and FMI/FFMI ratio
- Follow-up
- Ages 7-17 years
Methodological detailslinear mixed-effects models, adjusted for maternal pre-pregnancy adiposity
- Linear mixed-effects models
- Adjusted for maternal pre-pregnancy adiposity
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Body composition indices (primary adjusted model)
- GDM-by-age interaction: age-varying between-group differences for fat mass (FM), fat mass index (FMI) and FMI/fat-free mass index (FFMI) ratio
- all p < 0.05
- GDM-by-age interaction for BF%: borderline evidence
- p = 0.050
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Body composition after additional adjustment for maternal pre-pregnancy adiposity
- Between-group differences attenuated; some age-specific contrasts, particularly at age 7 years, no longer statistically significant; age-varying patterns remained evident for several indices
Original publication
Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Trajectories of Offspring Fat–Lean Balance in the Millennium Cohort Study. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 25 August 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →