Lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: A literature review and meta-analysis
Pooled result · Incident diabetesResult — go to the resultRandom-effects HR 2.72 95% CI 1.56–4.74Authors' conclusion
Lean NAFLD is significantly associated with at least twofold increased risk of incident diabetes in non-overweight subjects. This risk parallels the underlying severity of NAFLD. The presence of NAFLD in non-overweight individuals had a more significant impact on the development of diabetes than being overweight itself.
Study context
- Population
- Adults in cohort studies (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science to December 2022); 7.7% with lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); nearly 1300 incident diabetes cases; median follow-up 5.05 years
- Participants
- 304,975 adults16 observational studies
- Comparison
- Lean NAFLD vs no NAFLD
- Outcome
- Incident T2D
- Follow-up
- Median 5.05 years
Methodological detailsrandom-effects
- Random-effects
Pooled result
Incident diabetes
Random-effects HR
2.72
95% CI 1.56–4.74
Lean NAFLDvs Without NAFLD
random-effects HR 2.72 (95% CI 1.56–4.74)
As reported in the abstract
Further pooled results
| Outcome | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Incident diabetes by BMI and NAFLD status (reference: lean without NAFLD)Overweight/obese without NAFLDvs Lean without NAFLD | 1.32 (0.99–1.77) | |
| Incident diabetes by BMI and NAFLD status (reference: lean without NAFLD)Overweight/obese with NAFLDvs Lean without NAFLD | 2.98 (1.66–5.32) | |
| 0.20.5125Adjusted hazard ratio (log scale) |
Incident diabetes in NAFLD with advanced high NAFLD fibrosis score
- Random-effects HR
- 3.48 (95% CI 1.92-6.31)
Sensitivity analyses and publication bias
- Sensitivity analyses and publication bias did not alter these findings
Original publication
Lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: A literature review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 9 May 2023. doi:10.
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