Gestational diabetes & diabetes in pregnancy
Independent and combined effects of first-trimester elevated fasting blood glucose and high-normal blood pressure on pregnancy outcomes
Authors' conclusion
First-trimester EFBG and HNBP are independent predictors of distinct adverse pregnancy outcomes. EFBG is associated with metabolic complications (GDM, macrosomia, LGA), while HNBP is associated with vascular complications (HDP, LBW, SGA), isolated diastolic and combined HNBP conferring particularly high HDP risk. Although the co-exposure group had the highest absolute risk of GDM, no significant additive or multiplicative interaction was observed.
Study context
- Population
- Southern Chinese women with singleton pregnancies who registered for antenatal care and delivered at Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, January 2018–December 2023
- Participants
- 9,432 women
- Exposure
- First-trimester elevated fasting blood glucose (EFBG) and/or high-normal blood pressure (HNBP) vs neither
- G1n = 7,192reference
- G2n = 784
- G3n = 1,212
- G4n = 244
- Outcome
- Adverse pregnancy outcomes
Methodological detailssingle-centre
- Single-centre
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Each group vs G1Estimate (95% CI)
G3
aOR (HDP) 4.36(3.51–5.40)
G2
aOR (GDM) 2.40(2.06–2.81)
G4
aOR (GDM) 4.29(3.24–5.68)
- Additive interaction between EFBG and HNBP for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): RERI (not statistically significant), 95% CI −0.15 to 0.35
- 0.10
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Estimate | |
|---|---|---|
| Preterm birth, LBW, SGAG3vs G1 | aOR (preterm birth) 1.92 (95% CI 1.45–2.55) | |
| Preterm birth, LBW, SGAG3vs G1 | aOR (LBW) 2.15 (95% CI 1.65–2.81) | |
| Preterm birth, LBW, SGAG3vs G1 | aOR (SGA) 1.28 (95% CI 1.04–1.57) | |
| LGA and macrosomiaG2vs G1 | aOR (LGA) 1.33 (95% CI 1.06–1.66) | |
| LGA and macrosomiaG2vs G1 | aOR (macrosomia) 1.66 (95% CI 1.17–2.37) | |
| 0.20.5125Ratio (log scale) |
Original publication
Independent and combined effects of first-trimester elevated fasting blood glucose and high-normal blood pressure on pregnancy outcomes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 30 June 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →