Increased incidence of neurodegenerative diseases in Finnish individuals with type 1 diabetes
Authors' conclusion
ND incidence is increased 1.7-3.4-fold in type 1 diabetes. The presence of diabetic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease further increased the incidence of dementia.
Study context
- Population
- Finnish individuals with T1D (Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy study) and matched population-based controls without diabetes; Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) identified from registers until end of 2017
- Participants
- 4,261 vs 11,653
- Exposure
- T1D vs matched population-based controls without diabetes
- T1Dn = 4,261
- Controlsn = 11,653reference
- Outcome
- Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of different NDs in T1D
- Follow-up
- From diabetes onset until end of 2017
Methodological detailsmatched population-based controls, register-based
- Matched population-based controls
- Register-based
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
SIRs for NDs, T1D vs controls
- T1D
- SIR, any dementia 2.24 (95% CI 1.79–2.77)
- T1D
- SIR, Alzheimer's disease 2.13 (95% CI 1.55–2.87)
- T1D
- SIR, vascular dementia 3.40 (95% CI 2.08–5.6)
- T1D
- SIR, other dementias 1.70 (95% CI 1.22–2.31)
- T1D
- SIR, Parkinson's disease 1.61 (95% CI 1.04–2.37)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| SIR of Alzheimer's disease by age at diabetes onsetOnset <15 years vs Onset ≥15 years · SIR 3.89 (2.21-6.35) vs 1.73 (1.16-2.48) | P < 0.05 |
SIR of NDs in T1D without albuminuria
- SIR showed a twofold increased incidence already in those without albuminuria
- 1.99 (1.44-2.68)
- SIR calculated from baseline study visit for impact of complications
SIR by diabetic complications
- Kidney disease increased SIR for Alzheimer's disease
- CVD increased SIR for both Alzheimer's disease and other dementias
SIR of Alzheimer's disease by age at diabetes onset
- Onset <15 years did not increase SIR of the other dementias
Original publication
Increased incidence of neurodegenerative diseases in Finnish individuals with type 1 diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. Published 5 September 2024. doi:10.
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