Impact of modifiable risk factors, including diabetes, and diabetes-related complications, on dementia risk in older U.S. adults: mutually adjusted estimates from a population-based cohort
Authors' conclusion
Total adjusted PAF was lower than the Lancet estimate (11.1% vs. 45.2%). Several diabetes-related complications were independently associated with dementia risk, but adding complications did not change the total PAF.
Study context
- Population
- Adults aged >50 years without prior dementia, All of Us Research Program (US)
- Participants
- 83,370 adults
- Outcome
- Incident dementia; population attributable fractions (PAFs) of 12 of 14 modifiable risk factors and of diabetes-related complications
Methodological detailsmutually adjusted models, Lancet Commission framework
- Mutually adjusted models
- Lancet Commission framework
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Total adjusted PAF for dementia of modifiable risk factors
Total adjusted PAF
11.1%
PAF depression
4.6%
PAF lower education
1.7%
PAF DM
1.6%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Diabetes-related complications associated with dementia
- PAF neuropathy
- 1.2%
- PAF stroke
- 0.6%
- PAF CKD
- 0.2%
- PAF peripheral vascular disease
- 0.2%
- PAF amputation
- 0.1%
- Total adjusted PAF after adding diabetes-related complications (unchanged)
- 10.7%
Original publication
Impact of modifiable risk factors, including diabetes, and diabetes-related complications, on dementia risk in older U.S. adults: mutually adjusted estimates from a population-based cohort. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 22 July 2026. doi:10.
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