Immunotherapy for Fertility in Autoimmune Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Authors' conclusion
In this small proof-of-concept study with no control group, of 10 women with premature ovarian insufficiency who received rituximab followed by ovarian stimulation, six underwent oocyte retrieval.
Study context
- Population
- Women aged 18 to 35 years with autoimmune premature ovarian insufficiency (POI); mean (SD) age 30.8 (2.8) years10 received rituximab
- Participants
- 12 women
- Comparison
- Ovarian hyperstimulation before vs after rituximab
- Outcome
- Number of antral follicles and size of the largest follicle in response to ovarian stimulation
Methodological detailssingle-group, no control group, Two women withdrew consent prior to initiating the study, Embryo transfer deferred until at least 12 months after rituximab for safety
- Single-group
- No control group
- Two women withdrew consent prior to initiating the study
- Embryo transfer deferred until at least 12 months after rituximab for safety
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Follicular development in response to ovarian hyperstimulation
Responders before rituximab (follicular development)
0
Responders after rituximab (follicular development leading to oocyte retrieval)
6
Further findings
Fertilization, embryo preservation and delivery · follow-up 12 months
- Oocytes fertilized and embryos preserved; all subsequently delivered healthy children
- 3
Safety
- Serious adverse event, related to ovarian hyperstimulation
- 1
Original publication
Immunotherapy for Fertility in Autoimmune Premature Ovarian Insufficiency. NEJM Evid. Published 23 June 2026. doi:10.
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