Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Age at Natural Menopause and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Postmenopausal Women: A Pooled Analysis of Individual Data From 13 Cohort Studies
Authors' conclusion
POI and early menopause are risk factors for T2D in postmenopausal women, with considerable variation across ethnic groups, and may need to be considered in risk assessments of T2D among women.
Study context
- Population
- Postmenopausal women without T2D before menopause from six ethnic groups: White, Chinese, Japanese, South/Southeast Asian, Black, mixed/otherWhite 177,674 · Chinese 146,008 · Japanese 9,061 · South/Southeast Asian 2,228 · Black 1,838 · mixed/other 1,250
- Participants
- 338,059 women13 cohort studies
- Comparison
- Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) vs menopause at age 50-51 years
- Outcome
- Incident T2D
- Follow-up
- Over 9 years
Methodological detailsindividual-level data, 13 cohort studies, study as a random effect
- Individual-level data
- 13 cohort studies
- Study as a random effect
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
POI vs Menopause at age 50-51 yearsHazard ratio (95% CI)
Overall
1.31(1.20–1.44)
White
1.53(1.36–1.73)
Japanese
4.04(1.97–8.27)
Chinese born in 1950 or later
2.79(2.11–3.70)
South/Southeast Asian
1.46(0.89–2.40)
Black
1.72(0.95–3.12)
Mixed/other
2.16(0.83–5.57)
- Women who developed T2D
- 20,064 (5.9%)
- Interaction between age at menopause and ethnicity
- P < 0.0001
Further pooled results
| Outcome | HR (CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Incident T2D with early menopauseEarly menopausevs Menopause at age 50-51 yearsOverall | 1.16 (1.10–1.23) | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Incident T2D with early menopause
- Similar pattern, smaller increased risk, for White, Japanese, and Chinese women born in 1950 or later
Original publication
Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Age at Natural Menopause and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Postmenopausal Women: A Pooled Analysis of Individual Data From 13 Cohort Studies. Diabetes Care. Published 26 September 2023. doi:10.
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