Heterogeneity in glycaemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A latent class trajectory analysis of Danish nationwide data
Authors' conclusion
Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes experience heterogenous trajectories with different timings and magnitudes of the deterioration of HbA1c levels, although the majority follow on average a stable, yet elevated HbA1c trajectory. The causes and long-term health implications of these heterogenous trajectories need to be addressed.
Study context
- Population
- All Danish children and adolescents (2–19 years) diagnosed with T1D 1996–2019, Danish Registry of Childhood and Adolescent Diabetes (DanDiabKids); 47% female36,504 HbA1c measurements
- Participants
- 5,889 children
- Exposure
- Stable but elevated HbA1c vs Increasing HbA1c vs Late HbA1c peak vs Early HbA1c peak
- Outcome
- Distinct HbA1c trajectories
Methodological detailsdata-driven latent class trajectory modelling
- Data-driven latent class trajectory modelling
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
HbA1c trajectory classes (share of children)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Clinical and socio-demographic factors vs 'Stable but elevated HbA1c'
- The three other groups had rapidly deteriorating glycaemic control during late childhood or adolescence, higher HbA1c at study entry, fewer pump users, more inadequate blood glucose monitoring, more severe hypoglycaemic events, lower proportions of Danish origin and worse parental educational status
- Significant differences between groups by healthcare region
Number of HbA1c measurements per child
- Median HbA1c measurements (IQR 3-8)
- 6
Original publication
Heterogeneity in glycaemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A latent class trajectory analysis of Danish nationwide data. Diabet Med. Published 29 December 2023. doi:10.
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