Habitual Short Sleep Duration, Diet, and Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults
Authors' conclusion
In this cohort study involving UK residents, habitual short sleep duration was associated with increased risk of developing T2D. This association persisted even among participants who maintained a healthy diet. To validate these findings, further longitudinal studies are needed, incorporating repeated measures of sleep (including objective assessments) and dietary habits.
Study context
- Population
- UK Biobank participants (baseline 2006–2010); mean age 55.9 years, 52.3% female
- Participants
- 247,867 participants
- Exposure
- Short sleep duration categories vs normal sleep duration; healthy diet score
- Outcome
- Development of T2D (hazard ratios (HRs) across sleep duration groups and healthy diet scores)
- Follow-up
- Median (IQR) 12.5 (11.8-13.2) years
Methodological detailsUK Biobank, Cox proportional hazards regression
- UK Biobank
- Cox proportional hazards regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Risk of T2D
Each group vs normalAdjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)
Moderate short
1.16(1.05–1.28)
Extreme short
1.41(1.19–1.68)
- Participants diagnosed with T2D during follow-up
- 3.2%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Healthiest dietary patterns and T2D risk
- HR for T2D with healthiest dietary patterns
- 0.75 (95% CI, 0.63-0.88)
Sleep duration × healthy diet score
- Short sleep–T2D association persisted with healthy diet; no multiplicative interaction between sleep duration and healthy diet score
Original publication
Habitual Short Sleep Duration, Diet, and Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults. JAMA Netw Open. Published 4 March 2024. doi:10.
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