Growth and Adult Height Attainment in Danish Transgender Adolescents Treated With GnRH Analog and Sex Hormones
An erratum to this article was published (J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 20 Feb 2026 ↗)
Authors' conclusion
The minor reduction in adult height of trans girls after hormone treatment may be beneficial to some, whereas trans boys did not experience height gain.
Study context
- Population
- Transgender adolescents <18 years of age, Danish national cohort (2016–2023)
- Participants
- 219 adolescents
- Exposure
- GnRH analog plus estradiol or testosterone in transgender adolescents
- Outcome
- Pubertal growth, serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3, and adult height
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Trans girls: adult height lower vs target height
−2.7 cm
P = .01
Trans girls: height SD score (SDS) change from before treatment to adult height
−0.35 SDS
P < .001
Trans boys: height SDS change from before treatment to adult height
−0.17 SDS
P < .001
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
IGF-I and height SDS during oral estradiol (trans girls) · during oral estradiol administration
- IGF-I decline
- −0.13 SDS per month, P = .059
- Height SDS decline
- −0.02 SDS, P = .001
Growth spurt during estradiol (trans girls, bone age ≤15 years before treatment)
- A growth spurt was observed during estradiol therapy
IGFBP-3 after testosterone (trans boys)
- IGFBP-3 declined following testosterone treatment
Original publication
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