Grandmaternal obesity in early pregnancy and risk of grandoffspring preterm birth: a nationwide three-generation study
Main finding · Grandoffspring medically indicated PTBResult — go to the resultAdjusted hazard ratio 1.54 95% CI 1.28–1.86Authors' conclusion
Medically indicated PTB in grandoffspring is associated with maternal grandmaternal obesity.
Study context
- Population
- Singleton live-born infants (F2) from a countrywide three-generation Swedish cohort, by grandmaternal (F0) body mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy
- Participants
- 315,240 singleton live-born infants
- Exposure
- Maternal grandmaternal obesity vs normal BMI in early pregnancy
- Outcome
- Spontaneous and medically indicated PTB (gestational age <37 completed weeks) in grandoffspring; maternal preeclampsia
Methodological detailscountrywide, Swedish cohort, mediation analysis, sibling (parental full sisters) comparison
- Countrywide
- Swedish cohort
- Mediation analysis
- Sibling (parental full sisters) comparison
Main finding
Grandoffspring medically indicated PTB
Adjusted hazard ratio
1.54
95% CI 1.28–1.86
Obesityvs Normal BMI
aHR 1.54 (95% CI 1.28–1.86)
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Adjusted RR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal (F1) preeclampsia | 1.32 (1.16–1.49) | |
| 0.512Adjusted relative risk (log scale) |
Mediation
- Proportion of grandmaternal obesity–medically indicated preterm birth (PTB) association mediated by maternal obesity or preeclampsia
- 85%
- Proportion of association with maternal preeclampsia mediated by maternal obesity
- 61%
Maternal sisters' BMI
- Maternal sisters' BMI was unrelated to PTB or preeclampsia risks
Paternal grandmaternal obesity (subset)
- Paternal grandmaternal obesity was unrelated to grandoffspring's PTB risk
Original publication
Grandmaternal obesity in early pregnancy and risk of grandoffspring preterm birth: a nationwide three-generation study. Int J Obes (Lond). Published 13 February 2025. doi:10.
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