Genetic Risk Scores for Obesity and the Effectiveness of a Diet and Exercise Intervention Program: A Historical Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
Weight loss was achieved independently of GRS. GRS-derived efficiency score offered superior prediction of intervention effectiveness to that of GRS alone, suggesting that while GRS based on cross-sectional data may not predict responsiveness to interventions, integrated metrics also incorporating phenotypic data show potential for personalizing weight management strategies, pending further validation.
Study context
- Population
- Japanese individuals who completed an 8- to 12-week low-carbohydrate diet and resistance training interventioncompleted intervention
- Participants
- 145 individuals
- Exposure
- Genetic risk scores (GRS) vs data envelopment analysis (DEA)-derived efficiency score for predicting response to diet and exercise intervention
- Outcome
- Prediction of change in BMI percentage
Methodological detailshistorical cohort, single-arm intervention, GRS calculated from 75 SNPs from a previous Japanese GWAS; DEA used GRS as input and initial BMI and body fat percentage as outputs
- Historical cohort
- Single-arm intervention
- GRS calculated from 75 SNPs from a previous Japanese GWAS; DEA used GRS as input and initial BMI and body fat percentage as outputs
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- DEA-derived efficiency scores strongly predicted the change in BMI percentage, whereas GRS did not
- Linear regression analyses
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
BMI and other measures · after intervention
- BMI and other measures decreased following the intervention
Original publication
Genetic Risk Scores for Obesity and the Effectiveness of a Diet and Exercise Intervention Program: A Historical Cohort Study. Obesity (Silver Spring). Published 28 December 2025. doi:10.
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