Fetal, placental and amniotic fluid volume across gestation in women with type 1 diabetes: a prospective MRI study
Authors' conclusion
MRI provides a unique insight into the intrauterine consequences of type 1 diabetes. Pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes are characterised by increased fetal, placental and amniotic fluid volumes. The strong association between maternal HbA1c and amniotic fluid volume suggests that amniotic fluid dynamics may provide additional insight into the intrauterine consequences of maternal glucose regulation.
Study context
- Population
- Pregnant women with type 1 diabetes and women without diabetes who gave birth at Aalborg University Hospital between November 2020 and April 2023pregnant women included in the analysis
- Participants
- 63 women
- Exposure
- Fetal, placental and amniotic fluid volumes across gestation by MRI in women with type 1 diabetes vs women without diabetes
- Type 1 diabetesn = 25
- Without diabetesn = 38
- Outcome
- Fetal, placental and amniotic volumes
- Follow-up
- Visits 2 and 3
Methodological detailspart of the FaPDi cohort study, MRI scans at 15-20, 26-30 and 34-38 weeks' gestation
- Part of the FaPDi cohort study
- MRI scans at 15-20, 26-30 and 34-38 weeks' gestation
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- In women with type 1 diabetes, the fetal, placental and amniotic volumes were significantly increased at visits 2 and 3
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Adjusted difference (cm³) (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fetal volume · visit 3 | 385.9 (140.9–631.0) | P < 0.01 | |
| Placental volume · visit 3 | 187.8 (35.4–340.3) | P = 0.02 | |
| Amniotic volume · visit 3 | 420.4 (19.5–821.2) | P = 0.04 | |
| −50005001000Difference, cm³ (linear scale) |
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| Placental weight to birthweight ratio · deliveryIncreased among women with type 1 diabetes | P < 0.01 |
Intrauterine volume ratios
- No differences in the intrauterine volume ratios were observed
Correlation of maternal HbA1c with volumes · visits 2 and 3
- Positive linear correlation with all volumes; strongest for amniotic fluid volume (R2)
- 0.36
Original publication
Fetal, placental and amniotic fluid volume across gestation in women with type 1 diabetes: a prospective MRI study. Diabetologia. Published 12 November 2026. doi:10.
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