Fatty-acid patterns and odds of incident type 2 diabetes in South Asians: a causal mediation analysis within the CARRS cohort
Main finding · Incident T2D per SD of FA patternResult — go to the resultOdds ratio 1.26 95% CI 1.07–1.48Authors' conclusion
A polyunsaturated- and saturated-FA-loaded phenotype is associated with higher odds of incident T2DM in South Asians. The association operates through a glycaemic pathway and is partially offset by HDL-C.
Study context
- Population
- South Asians in the CARRS cohort; serum fatty-acid (FAs) by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopynested case-control · South Asians in the CARRS cohort 8,919
- Comparison
- FA pattern PC1 and odds of incident T2D
- Outcome
- Incident T2D; exposure: FA pattern PC1 (loaded on polyunsaturated and saturated FAs)
Methodological detailscounterfactual mediation, multivariable logistic regression, multiple imputation (20 imputations, Rubin's rules)
- Counterfactual mediation
- Multivariable logistic regression
- Multiple imputation (20 imputations, Rubin's rules)
Main finding
Incident T2D per SD of FA pattern
Odds ratio
1.26
95% CI 1.07–1.48
FA pattern (per SD)
OR 1.26 (95% CI 1.07–1.48)
Per SD, as printed
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Mediation via HbA1c, triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)
- HbA1c mediated proportion of total effect (p = 0.017)
- 35.9%
- HDL-C acted as a suppressor, attenuating it (p = 0.002)
- 18.0%
- TG showed no indirect effect (p = 0.108)
Parts of this Brief are withheld: the automatic checks could not confirm them against the abstract.
Original publication
Fatty-acid patterns and odds of incident type 2 diabetes in South Asians: a causal mediation analysis within the CARRS cohort. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 18 September 2026. doi:10.
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