Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Hyperglycemic Events and Complications Among Patients With Graves’ Disease or Thyroid Eye Disease in the United States
Authors' conclusion
TED and GD are independently associated with elevated risk of hyperglycemic events and complications.
Study context
- Population
- Adults (≥18 years) with thyroid eye disease (TED), Graves' disease (GD) or from the general population (GP), Merative MarketScan Research Claims Database (2014–2019), US
- Participants
- 38,723 / 171,831 / 20,283,009
- Exposure
- TED or GD vs general population
- TEDn = 38,723
- GDn = 171,831
- GPn = 20,283,009reference
- Outcome
- Composite of:
- Hyperglycemic events
- Complications (nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, ketoacidosis, prediabetes, impaired fasting glucose, hyperosmolarity)
Methodological detailsclaims database, age- and sex-standardized
- Claims database
- Age- and sex-standardized
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Cumulative incidence of composite outcome
Hazard ratio
1.6
TED
Hazard ratio
1.6
GD
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Incidence of composite outcome
Prevalence of composite outcome
Additional predictors
- Additional predictors included diabetes, advanced age, obesity, hypertension, and statin use
Original publication
Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Hyperglycemic Events and Complications Among Patients With Graves’ Disease or Thyroid Eye Disease in the United States. Endocr Pract. Published 17 February 2026. doi:10.
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