Elevated Triglyceride‐Glucose Index Is Associated With Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Syndrome Components, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Chinese Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors' conclusion
Elevated TyG index strongly associates with adverse metabolic trajectories, and adverse pregnancy outcomes in PCOS patients. This biomarker shows particular utility for identifying metabolic dysfunction, suggesting clinical potential for risk stratification in PCOS management.
Study context
- Population
- Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the PCOSAct trial (acupuncture and clomiphene)
- Participants
- 956 women
- Comparison
- TyG index quartiles
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
TyG associations with metabolic outcomes (MS, IR, NAFLD), Q4 vs Q1
Q4 vs Q1Odds ratio (95% CI)P value
MS; adjusted for confounding factors
38.36(20.03–73.46)
P < 0.001for trendIR; adjusted for confounding factors
12.49(7.3–21.35)
P < 0.001for trendNAFLD, marginal association; adjusted for confounding factors
2.56(1.00–6.55)
P = 0.069for trendFurther findings
| Outcome | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pregnancy outcomes, Q1 vs Q4 (adjusted for treatments)Q1vs Q4Conception | 1.56 (1.04–2.35) | P < 0.05 | |
| Pregnancy outcomes, Q1 vs Q4 (adjusted for treatments)Q1vs Q4Pregnancy | 2.35 (1.46–3.79) | P < 0.01 | |
| Pregnancy outcomes, Q1 vs Q4 (adjusted for treatments)Q1vs Q4Live birth | 2.32 (1.42–3.78) | P < 0.01 | |
| 0.20.5125Odds ratio (log scale) |
Diagnostic performance of TyG (ROC)
- Metabolic syndrome (MS) (IDF): AUC 0.871 (95% CI 0.846-0.896); sensitivity 81.4%, specificity 81.2% at cut-off 8.745
- Insulin resistance (IR) (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)): AUC 0.782 (95% CI 0.753-0.811); sensitivity 71.9%, specificity 70.3% at cut-off 8.585
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): AUC 0.705 (95% CI 0.644-0.766); sensitivity 76.8%, specificity 59.3% at cut-off 8.665
Linear trends of TyG with clinical parameters
- TyG positively associated with age, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference, WHR, BP, FPG, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, TG, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein B, free androgen index, ALT, AST and prevalence of IR, MS and NAFLD
- TyG negatively correlated with QUICKI, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein A1, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and prevalence of ovulation per cycle, conception, pregnancy and live birth
- After adjustment for age and BMI, significant linear relationship between TyG and MS components, IR markers and ALT
Original publication
Elevated Triglyceride‐Glucose Index Is Associated With Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Syndrome Components, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Chinese Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). Published 29 April 2025. doi:10.
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