Electronic nose for detecting abnormal glucose metabolism in heart transplant recipients
Authors' conclusion
Prediabetes or PTDM is common in HTR. eNose technology, especially when combined with clinical data, shows promise as a non-invasive screening tool with high specificity and PPV. This approach may reduce OGTT burden, pending further confirmation.
Study context
- Population
- Heart transplant recipients (HTR) >1 year post-transplant undergoing oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), plus fasting HTR with known post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) as control group; 29% female, median age 56 years, median 7.8 years post-transplant
- Participants
- 76 participants
- Comparison
- Electronic nose (eNose) alone vs eNose combined with clinical parameters, against OGTT
- Outcome
- Diagnostic accuracy of eNose for differentiating normal from abnormal glucose tolerance (prediabetes or PTDM)
Performance
As reported in the abstract
Normal vs abnormal glucose tolerance (prediabetes or PTDM)
| Test or model | AUROC | Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | Accuracy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eNose alone | 0.70 (95% CI 0.57-0.83) | 69% | 67% | 87% | 40% | 68% |
| eNose + clinical parameters | 0.88 (95% CI 0.81-0.96) | 71% | 100% | 100% | 51% | 78% |
AUROC
eNose alone0.70 (95% CI 0.57-0.83)
eNose + clinical parameters0.88 (95% CI 0.81-0.96)
Sensitivity
eNose alone69%
eNose + clinical parameters71%
Specificity
eNose alone67%
eNose + clinical parameters100%
PPV
eNose alone87%
eNose + clinical parameters100%
NPV
eNose alone40%
eNose + clinical parameters51%
Accuracy
eNose alone68%
eNose + clinical parameters78%
Further findings
Glucose tolerance status
- Normal glucose tolerance
- 18
- Prediabetes
- 33
- PTDM (including 8 newly diagnosed)
- 25
- Prediabetes or PTDM
- 76%
Original publication
Electronic nose for detecting abnormal glucose metabolism in heart transplant recipients. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 10 November 2025. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →