Efficacy and safety of tai chi exercise on bone health: An umbrella review
Authors' conclusion
We have low certainty that for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, compare to those with no exercise, TC could improve BMD of the lumbar spine, femoral neck. We also have low certainty that in elder population, TC practitioners may benefit in BMD of femoral neck, and Ward's triangle.
Study context
- Population
- Systematic reviews of Tai Chi (TC) on bone health; perimenopausal and postmenopausal participants and elders18 systematic reviews (SRs)
- Comparison
- Tai chi vs non-intervention
- Outcome
- Bone mineral density (BMD), perimenopausal and postmenopausal participants
Methodological detailsAMSTAR-2, PRISMA, Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE)
- AMSTAR-2
- PRISMA
- GRADE
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
TC vs Non-interventionEstimate (95% CI)
BMD, perimenopausal and postmenopausal participants
MD (lumbar spine BMD) 0.04(0.02–0.07)
BMD, perimenopausal and postmenopausal participants
MD (femoral neck BMD) 0.04(0.02–0.06)
No benefit per authors
MD (femoral proximal trochanter BMD) 0.02(0.00–0.03)
No benefit
MD (Ward's triangle BMD) 0.02(−0.01 to 0.04)
No benefit
SMD (femoral shaft BMD) 0.16(−0.11 to 0.44)
Further findings
| Outcome | Estimate | |
|---|---|---|
| BMD in eldersTCvs Non-intervention | SMD (femoral neck BMD) 0.28 (95% CI 0.10–0.45) | |
| BMD in eldersTCvs Non-intervention | SMD (femoral proximal trochanter BMD) 0.39 (95% CI 0.05–0.73) | |
| BMD in eldersTCvs Non-intervention | SMD (Ward's triangle BMD) 0.21 (95% CI 0.05,0.37) | |
| BMD in eldersTCvs Non-interventionMay not benefit | SMD (lumbar spine BMD) 0.03 (95% CI −0.22 to 0.27) | |
| −0.500.51Difference (linear scale) |
Included evidence and quality
- SRs with meta-analysis (MAs)
- 15
- RCTs (participants)
- 49 (3956)
- NRSIs (participants)
- 16 (1157)
- Most SRs had critically low AMSTAR-2 scores
Original publication
Efficacy and safety of tai chi exercise on bone health: An umbrella review. Osteoporos Int. Published 10 July 2023. doi:10.
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