Effects of Supplemental Vitamin D3, Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Physical Performance Measures in the VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL
Authors' conclusion
Neither supplemental vitamin D3 nor marine omega-3 fatty acids for 2 years improved physical performance in this generally healthy adult population.
Study context
- Population
- New England subcohort of VITAL (25,871 US adults) with in-person evaluations at baseline and 2 years; men ≥50 and women ≥55 years; Center for Clinical Investigations, Boston
- Participants
- 1,054 participants
- Comparison
- Vitamin D3 vs placebo and omega-3 fatty acids vs placebo
- Primary endpoint
- Changes in physical performance measures: grip strength, walking speed, standing balance, repeated chair stands and Timed-up and Go (TUG)
- Follow-up
- 2 years
Methodological detailsdouble-blinded, placebo-controlled, 2 × 2 factorial
- Double-blinded
- Placebo-controlled
- 2 × 2 factorial
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Changes in grip strength, walking speed, Short Physical Performance Battery and TUG
- All randomized groups showed worsening walking speeds and Timed-up and Go (TUG)
- No differences in changes in grip strength, walking speeds, SPPB and TUG between vitamin D3 and placebo, or between omega-3 and placebo
Further findings
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| TUG in participants with baseline total 25(OH)D above the median · 2 yearsVitamin D3 vs Placebo · TUG slightly worsened with vitamin D3 | P = 0.01; P for interaction = .04 |
Effect modification by sex, age, BMI, baseline total or free 25(OH)D, or plasma omega-3 index · 2 years
- Effects overall did not vary by sex, age, BMI, baseline total or free 25(OH)D or plasma omega-3 index
Original publication
Effects of Supplemental Vitamin D3, Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Physical Performance Measures in the VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 15 March 2024. doi:10.
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