The effects of intermittent fasting on body composition and cardiometabolic health in adults with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors' conclusion
Intermittent fasting is effective for weight loss and specific cardiometabolic health markers in individuals with prediabetes or T2D. Additionally, IF is associated with a reduction in body weight and BMI compared to CR, without effects on glycaemic markers, lipid profiles or blood pressure.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with prediabetes or T2D
- Participants
- 1,101 adults14 studies
- Comparison
- Intermittent fasting (IF) vs CON and/or calorie restriction (CR)
- Outcome
- Body composition and cardiometabolic health, IF vs CON
Methodological detailsrandom-effects models, parallel or crossover designs, Search of PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus to March 2024
- Random-effects models
- Parallel or crossover designs
- Search of PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus to March 2024
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
- IF
- WMD body weight −4.56 kg (95% CI −6.23 to −2.83); P = 0.001
- IF
- WMD body mass index (BMI) −1.99 kg.m² (95% CI −2.74 to −1.23); P = 0.001
- IF
- WMD HbA1c −0.81 % (95% CI −1.24 to −0.38); P = 0.001
- IF
- WMD fasting glucose −0.36 mmol/L (95% CI −0.63 to −0.09); P = 0.008
- IF
- WMD total cholesterol −0.31 mmol/L (95% CI −0.60 to −0.02); P = 0.03
- IF
- WMD triglycerides −0.14 mmol/L (95% CI −0.27 to −0.01); P = 0.02
Further pooled results
| Outcome | Estimate | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Body composition and cardiometabolic health, IF vs CRIF vs CR | WMD body weight −1.14 kg (95% CI −1.69 to −0.60) | P = 0.001 |
| Body composition and cardiometabolic health, IF vs CRIF vs CR | WMD BMI −0.43 kg.m² (95% CI −0.58 to −0.27) | P = 0.001 |
Body composition and cardiometabolic health, IF vs CR
- No significant effect on fat mass, lean body mass, visceral fat, insulin, HbA1c, lipid profiles or blood pressure
Original publication
The effects of intermittent fasting on body composition and cardiometabolic health in adults with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 2 July 2024. doi:10.
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