Early Transient Hypothyroidism Is Associated With Long‐Term Outcomes of 131I Treatment in Graves' Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors' conclusion
Early transient hypothyroidism following 131I therapy serves as a clinical indicator associated with effective glandular destruction and a high trajectory toward permanent hypothyroidism. Conversely, the absence of ETH signals a high risk of treatment failure.
Study context
- Population
- Graves' disease (GD) patients treated with 131I
- Participants
- 222 patients
- Exposure
- Early transient hypothyroidism (ETH) vs Non-ETH after 131I therapy
- ETHn = 59
- Non-ETHn = 163reference
- Outcome
- Permanent hypothyroidism, euthyroidism, or persistent/recurrent hyperthyroidism
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Permanent hypothyroidism
P < 0.001
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | ETH | Non-ETH | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Persistent hyperthyroidism | 28.8% | 55.8% | 3.888 (1.435–10.535) | P = 0.008 | |
| 0.050.21520Odds ratio (log scale) |
Pretreatment TRAb · baseline
P = 0.021
Palpitations · baseline
P = 0.004
- Persistent hyperthyroidism: multinomial logistic regression adjusted for dose intensity (mCi/g), relative to permanent hypothyroidism
Other predictors (multinomial logistic regression)
- Older age favored euthyroidism
- OR = 1.055, p = 0.002
- Higher dose intensity (mCi/g) universally associated with permanent hypothyroidism
Original publication
Early Transient Hypothyroidism Is Associated With Long‐Term Outcomes of 131I Treatment in Graves' Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). Published 7 May 2026. doi:10.
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