Early Appearance of Thyroid Autoimmunity in Children Followed From Birth for Type 1 Diabetes Risk
Authors' conclusion
Thyroid autoantibodies may appear during the first years of life, especially in girls, and in children with a family history of AITD. Simultaneous appearance of both autoantibodies increases the risk for hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
Study context
- Population
- Healthy children with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR3- or DR4-containing haplogenotypes, genetically at risk for T1D, from the The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study
- Participants
- 5,066 children
- Outcome
- Age at seroconversion to TPOAb and TgAb
Methodological detailslongitudinal, retrospective and prospective autoantibody screening
- Longitudinal
- Retrospective and prospective autoantibody screening
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Age at seroconversion
Youngest appearance of TPOAb
10 months
Youngest appearance of TgAb
15 months
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Risk of TPOAb with family history of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD)
| HR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Family history of AITD | 1.90 (1.17–3.08) | |
| 0.20.5125Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Risk of TgAb with family history of AITD
| HR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Family history of AITD | 2.55 (1.91–3.41) | |
| 0.20.5125Hazard ratio (log scale) |
| Outcome | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Progression to hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism by first-appearing autoantibodyBoth autoantibodies at same visitvs TPOAb first | 6.34 (2.72–14.76) | |
| 0.050.21520Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Incidence of TPOAb and TgAb by sex
- Girls had higher incidence rates of both autoantibodies
Progression to hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism by first-appearing autoantibody
- Risk not different between TgAb and TPOAb first
Original publication
Early Appearance of Thyroid Autoimmunity in Children Followed From Birth for Type 1 Diabetes Risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 12 July 2024. doi:10.
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