Long-term dual-trajectories of TyG and lipid accumulation product (LAP) and their association with cardiometabolic multimorbidity in midlife: the CARDIA study
Authors' conclusion
Elevated and fluctuating trajectories of TyG and LAP from early adulthood are associated with increased risks of CMM development in midlife.
Study context
- Population
- CARDIA study participants followed from early adulthood; mean age 25.08 years (SD 3.59), 43.4% male, 53.2% White
- Participants
- 3,467 participants
- Exposure
- TyG and LAP dual-trajectory groups: high-amplitude fluctuation and high-increasing vs low-increasing
- Outcome
- Primary cardiometabolic outcomes: first cardiometabolic disease (FCMD), cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM: ≥2 of T2D, coronary heart disease, stroke) and all-cause mortality
Methodological detailsgroup-based dual-trajectory model, multi-state models, multivariate-adjusted Cox models
- Group-based dual-trajectory model
- Multi-state models
- Multivariate-adjusted Cox models
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
FCMD, CMM and all-cause mortality
Each group vs low-increasingEstimate (95% CI)
High-amplitude fluctuation
HR (FCMD) 1.38(1.08–1.77)
High-amplitude fluctuation
HR (CMM) 2.63(1.21–5.71)
High-amplitude fluctuation
HR (all-cause mortality) 2.16(1.30–3.56)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Estimate | |
|---|---|---|
| Transitions in CMM development (multi-state models)High-amplitude fluctuationvs Low-increasing | HR (baseline to FCMD) 1.41 (95% CI 1.17–1.63) | |
| Transitions in CMM development (multi-state models)High-amplitude fluctuationvs Low-increasing | HR (FCMD to CMM) 2.07 (95% CI 1.53–3.96) | |
| Transitions in CMM development (multi-state models)High-amplitude fluctuationvs Low-increasing | HR (CMM to death) 2.87 (95% CI 1.19–7.62) | |
| 0.10.31310Ratio (log scale) |
Transitions in cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) development (multi-state models)
- The high-increasing group showed similar results
Original publication
Long-term dual-trajectories of TyG and LAP and their association with cardiometabolic multimorbidity in midlife: the CARDIA study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 9 May 2025. doi:10.
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