Birthweight and risk of chronic kidney disease after a type 2 diabetes diagnosis in the DD2 cohort
Authors' conclusion
A history of LBW was associated with elevated risk of CKD among people with a recent type 2 diabetes diagnosis, although the precision of risk estimates was limited.
Study context
- Population
- People with recently diagnosed T2D enrolled in the Danish DD2 cohort 2010–2024, with original midwife records
- Participants
- 5,982 people
- Exposure
- Low birthweight (LBW) and high birthweight vs normal birthweight
- Outcome
- Incident CKD: two eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73m2 or two UACR >3 mg/mmol, each 90-365 days apart
- Follow-up
- 10 years
Methodological detailsconfounder-standardised, death as competing risk
- Confounder-standardised
- Death as competing risk
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
10-year standardised risk of CKD
Each group vs normal birthweightRD (95% CI)
LBW
5.5%(−0.5% to 11.8%)
High birthweight
2.5%(−1.6% to 6.7%)
Each group vs normal birthweightAdjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)
LBW
1.23(0.98–1.55)
High birthweight
1.10(0.93–1.29)
- Incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) endpoints
- 1501
- Incidence rate of CKD (median follow-up 8.3 years)
- 42.4 per 1000 person-years
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) and eGFR trajectories per 1 kg decrease in birthweight
- Increase in UACR per 1 kg decrease in birthweight
- 6.6% (95% CI 1.9, 11.1)
- No association found for eGFR
- Mixed-effects models
Original publication
Birthweight and risk of chronic kidney disease after a type 2 diabetes diagnosis in the DD2 cohort. Diabetologia. Published 1 February 2025. doi:10.
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