At any Level of Adiposity, Relatively Elevated Leptin Concentrations Are Associated With Decreased Insulin Sensitivity
Authors' conclusion
Subjects with leptin levels that are inappropriately elevated for their fat mass show whole-body/adipose tissue insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, regardless of BMI.
Study context
- Population
- Healthy adults aged 30–60 years from the Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular Disease study cohort (male/female, 577/713; BMI 25 ± 3 kg/m²), characterized with 75-g OGTT, euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, β-cell function and lipidomics
- Participants
- 1,290 adults
- Exposure
- Relatively high leptin vs relatively low leptin for fat mass
- Outcome
- Glucose homeostasis in subjects with similar adiposity but different leptin levels
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Insulin concentration, secretion and sensitivity
Fasting and OGTT insulin concentration higher in RHL (respectively; P < .0001)
+30% and +29%
Fasting and OGTT insulin secretion higher in RHL (respectively; P < .0001)
+17% and +11%
Whole-body insulin sensitivity lower in RHL vs RLL, regardless of BMI (P < .0001)
−17-23%
Adipose tissue insulin sensitivity lower in RHL vs RLL, regardless of BMI (P < .0001)
−24%
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
- Lean RHL individuals showed similar insulin sensitivity and β-cell function to RLL individuals with overweight/obesity
Original publication
At any Level of Adiposity, Relatively Elevated Leptin Concentrations Are Associated With Decreased Insulin Sensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 31 August 2023. doi:10.
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