Association of single‐point insulin sensitivity estimator index (single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE)) with future cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors' conclusion
Higher SPISE index was independently associated with lower risk of future cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients after full adjustment for well-established metabolic confounders.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with T2D
- Participants
- 10,190 patients
- Exposure
- Higher vs lower SPISE index
- Outcome
- Future cardiovascular outcomes:
- MACE
- Overall mortality
- CVD mortality
- Congestive heart failure
- Major coronary events
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Association of higher SPISE index with cardiovascular outcomes (fully adjusted)
- MACE: HR
- 0.94 (95% CI 0.90-0.98; p = 0.0026)
- Overall mortality: HR
- 0.90 (95% CI 0.86-0.93; p < 0.0001)
- CVD mortality: HR
- 0.85 (95% CI 0.79-0.92; p < 0.0001)
- Congestive HF: HR
- 0.72 (95% CI 0.67-0.78; p < 0.0001)
- Major coronary events: HR
- 0.91 (95% CI 0.87-0.95; p < 0.0001)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Nonlinear association: threshold values of SPISE index
- Threshold for MACE
- 5.68
- Threshold for overall mortality
- 5.71
- Threshold for CVD mortality
- 4.64
- Threshold for congestive heart failure (CHF)
- 4.48
- Threshold for major coronary events
- 6.09
Original publication
Association of single‐point insulin sensitivity estimator index (SPISE) with future cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 15 April 2024. doi:10.
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