Association of SGLT2 inhibitors with hematologic malignancies in type 2 diabetes: a target trial emulation study
Main finding · Incident hematologic malignanciesResult — go to the resultAdjusted hazard ratio 0.90 95% CI 0.84–0.95Authors' conclusion
SGLT2i use was associated with a lower observed risk of hematologic malignancies compared with DPP-4i, particularly leukemia and multiple myeloma. These findings warrant further investigation.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with T2D, TriNetX US Collaborative Network (2010–2025)propensity-matched cohort
- Participants
- 243,852 vs 243,852
- Exposure
- SGLT2i vs DPP-4i
- SGLT2in = 243,852
- DPP-4in = 243,852reference
- Outcome
- Incident hematologic malignancies
Methodological detailstarget trial emulation, 1:1 propensity score matching, new-user design, E-values, landmark analyses, positive and negative outcome controls
- Target trial emulation
- 1:1 propensity score matching
- New-user design
- E-values
- Landmark analyses
- Positive and negative outcome controls
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Adjusted hazard ratio
0.90
95% CI 0.84–0.95
SGLT2ivs DPP-4i
aHR 0.90 (95% CI 0.84–0.95)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | aHR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Leukemia | 0.85 (0.77–0.94) | |
| Multiple myeloma | 0.85 (0.75–0.97) | |
| LymphomaNull association | 0.97 (0.89–1.06) | |
| 0.512Adjusted hazard ratio (log scale) |
Validation analyses
- Outcome controls and E-values supported the stability of the findings
Original publication
Association of SGLT2 inhibitors with hematologic malignancies in type 2 diabetes: a target trial emulation study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 2 April 2026. doi:10.
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