Association of cumulative exposure and change patterns of triglyceride–glucose index combined with novel obesity indices with glycemic transitions in prediabetes: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)

Wang, C; Peng, Y; Cheng, G; Duan, Q; Wang, W; Peng, N

doi:10.1186/s12933-026-03152-w

Type 2 & other diabetes

Association of cumulative exposure and change patterns of triglyceride–glucose index combined with novel obesity indices with glycemic transitions in prediabetes: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)

Cardiovasc DiabetolPublished 11 Apr 2026Prospective cohort study

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Authors' conclusion

Cumulative exposure and change patterns of TyG-novel obesity indices are significant factors influencing glycemic transitions in individuals with prediabetes.

Study context

Population: Individuals with prediabetes, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Participants: 2,004 individuals

Exposure: Baseline values, cumulative exposure and change patterns of triglyceride-glucose (TyG)-novel obesity indices (TyG-body roundness index (TyG-BRI), TyG-chinese visceral adiposity index (TyG-CVAI), TyG-WWI, TyG-a body shape index (TyG-ABSI))
Outcome: Glycemic transitions in prediabetes (progression to diabetes; reversion to normoglycemia)
Follow-up: 3-year follow-up

Methodological detailslongitudinal, population-based (CHARLS), baseline and 3-year follow-up, mediation analysis

Longitudinal
Population-based (CHARLS)
Baseline and 3-year follow-up
Mediation analysis

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

Glycemic transitions

Progressed to diabetes

306 participants

Reverted to normoglycemia

452 participants

Observational data: associations, not effects.

Further findings

Reclassification (continuous net reclassification improvement)

Greatest reclassification ability with TyG-BRI model, followed by TyG-CVAI, TyG-WWI and TyG-ABSI

Mediation by long-term inflammatory burden of prediabetes progression associated with TyG-novel obesity indices

Partially mediated: 2%

Reference

Authors: Wang C, Peng Y, Cheng G, Duan Q, Wang W, Peng N
Journal: Cardiovascular Diabetology
Published: 11 Apr 2026
DOI: 10.1186/s12933-026-03152-w
PubMed: 41965747

Topic: Type 2 & other diabetes

Exposure definitions

Well-controlled / low cumulative exposure: low baseline with a slight increase over follow-up, or low cumulative exposure
Poor control / highest cumulative exposure: high baseline and minimal change over follow-up, or highest cumulative exposure

Key notes

Cumulative exposure and change patterns strengthened associations with glycemic transitions vs static baseline measurements
Poor control or highest cumulative exposure to TyG-WWI, TyG-ABSI, TyG-BRI and TyG-CVAI: significantly higher risk of diabetes progression vs well-controlled or low cumulative exposure; strongest for TyG-WWI

More notes

Elevated levels of all four indices associated with reduced likelihood of reversion to normoglycemia; strongest for TyG-BRI (baseline and cumulative exposure) and TyG-WWI (cumulative exposure)
TyG-BRI and TyG-CVAI strongest at baseline; TyG-WWI most prominent for cumulative exposure and change patterns

Original publication

Association of cumulative exposure and change patterns of triglyceride–glucose index combined with novel obesity indices with glycemic transitions in prediabetes: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Cardiovasc Diabetol. Published 11 April 2026. doi:10.1186/s12933-026-03152-w

Read the original article ↗

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