Acute inflammation amplifies the diabetogenic effect of excess adiposity: Evidence from a real‐life, prospective cohort
Authors' conclusion
Acute inflammation significantly elevates diabetes risk in overweight/obese individuals but not in those with normal weight, highlighting the synergistic role of adiposity and immune activation in diabetes pathogenesis and the importance of weight control in prevention strategies.
Study context
- Population
- Participants without pre-existing diabetes from a real-life prospective cohort in China; overweight/obesity defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m²
- Participants
- 82,314 participants
- Exposure
- Acute inflammation vs no acute inflammation, by adiposity status
- Outcome
- Incident T2D
- Follow-up
- Median 11 years
Methodological detailsreal-life, multivariable Cox regression
- Real-life
- Multivariable Cox regression
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Diabetes risk
Acute inflammation vs No acute inflammationHazard ratio (95% CI)P value
Overall
1.14(1.04–1.22)
Excess adiposity
1.24(1.13–1.36)
P = 0.0112for interactionNormal weight
1.00(0.83–1.21)
P = 0.0112for interaction- Participants developing diabetes
- 14 189
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Additive interaction of acute inflammation and overweight/obesity
- Relative excess risk due to interaction
- 0.27 (95% CI: 0.02-0.52)
- Stronger synergistic effects in individuals under 60; differences noted by sex
Original publication
Acute inflammation amplifies the diabetogenic effect of excess adiposity: Evidence from a real‐life, prospective cohort. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 5 November 2025. doi:10.
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