5-Year effects of a novel continuous remote care model with carbohydrate-restricted nutrition therapy including nutritional ketosis in type 2 diabetes: An extension study
Authors' conclusion
Over five years, the very low carbohydrate intervention showed excellent retention and significant health benefits, including diabetes remission, weight loss, and improved cardiometabolic markers.
Study context
- Population
- People with T2D who completed the 2-year continuous care intervention (CCI) study and consented to a 3-year extension122 completed 5 years
- Participants
- 169 people
- Comparison
- Continuous care intervention (CCI) with very low carbohydrate diet and nutritional ketosis; extension of CCI participants only (original study vs usual care)
- CCIn = 169
- Primary endpoint
- Changes in diabetes status (McNemar's test), including remission and HbA1c < 6.5 % on no glucose lowering medication or only on metformin
- Follow-up
- 5 years
Methodological detailsopen-label, non-randomized, telemedicine, 3-year extension, 194 of 262 CCI participants approached for extension after 2 years
- Open-label
- Non-randomized
- Telemedicine
- 3-year extension
- 194 of 262 CCI participants approached for extension after 2 years
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Remission
20%
n = 24
Sustained remission over 3 years
15.8 %
n = 19
Sustained remission over 4 years
12.5 %
n = 15
Reversal to HbA1c < 6.5 % without medication or only metformin
32.5 %
n = 39
Further findings
Changes in body mass, glycaemia and cardiometabolic markers · baseline to 5 years
%
- Body mass
- −7.6
- HbA1c
- −0.3
- TG
- −18.4
- HDL-C
- +17.4
- Inflammatory markers improved
- No significant changes in LDL-C and total cholesterol
- Linear mixed-effects models
Original publication
5-Year effects of a novel continuous remote care model with carbohydrate-restricted nutrition therapy including nutritional ketosis in type 2 diabetes: An extension study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Published 20 October 2024. doi:10.
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