Endocrine oncology

Tumor-infiltrating T Lymphocytes Recognize Thyroid-specific Proteins and Neo-antigens in Follicular Cell-derived Thyroid Cancers

J Clin Endocrinol MetabPublished Mechanistic study

Authors' conclusion

Our studies confirm the presence of tumor antigen-specific T cells in patients with thyroid cancer and encourage further exploration of T cell-targeted immunotherapies for patients with progressive, treatment refractory thyroid cancer.

Study context

Population
Patients with follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer; Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) expanded from primary thyroid tumors and tumor-involved lymph nodes (TILN)
Outcome
Tumor antigen-specific T-cell reactivity

Main finding

As reported in the abstract

Shared clones in primary tumors and matched TILN in all patients tested; 1% to 10% of sequenced clones

6/8 patients

T-cell reactivity to thyroid peroxidase

84.6%

11/13

T-cell reactivity to thyroglobulin

69.2%

9/13

BrafV600E-specific T-cell response in BrafV600E+ patients

80%

4/5

Original publication

Tumor-infiltrating T Lymphocytes Recognize Thyroid-specific Proteins and Neo-antigens in Follicular Cell-derived Thyroid Cancers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 22 November 2025. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf639

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