Training Programs for Thyroid Biopsy and Ablation: A Systematic Review
Authors' conclusion
Structured, multimodal training programs in thyroid FNA and RFA improve both learner performance and clinical outcomes. These findings support the integration of simulation-based learning and supervised procedural experience into thyroid intervention training.
Study context
- Population
- Studies (2000–April 2025) evaluating training interventions for clinicians in thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) or ablative techniques
- Participants
- 10 studies
- Outcome
- Structure, components and outcomes of training programs
Methodological details5 databases, 2 independent reviewers, risk of bias assessment
- 5 databases
- 2 independent reviewers
- Risk of bias assessment
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
- Studies addressing FNA training
- 9
- Studies addressing radiofrequency ablation (RFA) training
- 1
- Didactic sessions
- n = 5
- Hands-on simulation
- n = 9
- Supervised clinical experience
- n = 4
- Multimodal approaches
- n = 7
Further pooled results
Median nodule volume reduction after simulation-based and supervised RFA training (single RFA study) · 12 months
- Median nodule volume reduction
- 82%
Original publication
Training Programs for Thyroid Biopsy and Ablation: A Systematic Review. Endocr Pract. Published 19 September 2025. doi:10.
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