The fibrosis investigating navigator in diabetes ( fibrosis investigating navigator in diabetes (FIND) ): A tool to predict liver fibrosis risk in subjects with diabetes
Authors' conclusion
In diabetes patients, the novel FIND score performs well in identifying subjects at risk of liver fibrosis and predicting all-cause and liver-related mortality.
Study context
- Population
- Subjects with diabetes, NHANES dataset (2017–2020); external biopsy validation in an Asian centre (2016–2020); prognosis in UK Biobank cohort (2006–2010)
- Comparison
- FIND score vs FIB-4, NFS, LiverRisk, steatosis-associated fibrosis estimator (SAFE) and MAF-5
- Outcome
- Prediction of fibrosis defined as LSM ≥8.0 kPa (AUROC)
Methodological detailsscore development and validation, external validation with biopsy reference, prognostic cohort analysis
- Score development and validation
- External validation with biopsy reference
- Prognostic cohort analysis
Performance
As reported in the abstract
Prediction of LSM ≥8 kPa (validation set)
| Test or model | AUROC |
|---|---|
| FIND | 0.781 |
FIND
AUROC0.781
- FIND vs other available models: all p < 0.05 — AUROC consistently greater with FIND
Further findings
All-cause mortality, UK Biobank diabetic population, FIND >0.31
| HR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| FIND >0.31Adjusted models | 1.75 (1.62–1.89) | |
| 0.512Hazard ratio (log scale) |
Liver-related mortality, UK Biobank diabetic population, FIND >0.31
| HR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| FIND >0.31Adjusted models | 23.59 (13.67–40.69) | |
| 0.050.21520Hazard ratio (log scale) |
FIND score cut-offs in the whole NHANES dataset (liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥8 kPa)
- 85% sensitivity cut-off of 0.16: NPV
- 91.9%
- 85% specificity cut-off of 0.31: PPV
- 50.6%
Staging fibrosis stages vs biopsy (external validation, Asian centre)
- FIND displayed overall accuracies similar to those of the other models
Original publication
The fibrosis investigating navigator in diabetes ( FIND ): A tool to predict liver fibrosis risk in subjects with diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 5 December 2024. doi:10.
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