The effects of β-carotene on osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Pooled result · Overall risk of osteoporosisResult — go to the resultOdds ratio 0.733 95% CI 0.528–1.018Authors' conclusion
β-carotene may improve BMD and reduce the risk of osteoporosis and fracture.
Study context
- Population
- Observational studies of β-carotene intake and osteoporosis (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library)15 studies
- Comparison
- High vs low β-carotene intake
- Outcome
- Risk of osteoporosis
Methodological detailsrandom-effects model
- Random-effects model
Pooled result
Overall risk of osteoporosis
Odds ratio
0.733
95% CI 0.528–1.018
P = 0.064
Highvs low β-carotene intake
OR 0.733 (95% CI 0.528–1.018); P = 0.064
As reported in the abstract
Further pooled results
Risk of osteoporosis, male subgroup
| OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| β-carotene intakeI2 = 40.40% | 0.7 (0.549–0.893) | P = 0.004 | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
Risk of osteoporosis, female subgroup
| OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| β-carotene intakeI2 = 86.40% | 0.684 (0.487–0.960) | P = 0.028 | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
Risk of osteoporosis, Asia subgroup
| OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| β-carotene intakeI2 = 0.00% | 0.512 (0.403–0.650) | P = 0 | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
Risk of osteoporosis, Western subgroup
| OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| β-carotene intakeI2 = 2.30%; no association | 1.107 (0.908–1.350) | P = 0.314 | |
| 0.512Odds ratio (log scale) |
| Outcome | SMD (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Overall BMDI2 = 87.30%; random-effect model | - 0.213 (- 0.391, - 0.034) | P = 0.019 |
| BMD, Asian participantsI2 = 0 | - 0.394 (- 0.461, - 0.328) | P = 0 |
| BMD, Western participantsI2 = 78.9%; unassociated | - 0.047 (- 0.314, 0.219) | P = 0.727 |
Original publication
The effects of β-carotene on osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Osteoporos Int. Published 16 November 2022. doi:10.
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