Subgroups of Adult‐Onset Diabetes: A Prospective Follow‐Up Study of Progression of Insulin Resistance and Deficiency and Association With Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis
Authors' conclusion
Subgrouping should be performed near diagnosis, as the more severe phenotypic features attenuate with time (or treatment). To assess the risk of LF, the degree of insulin resistance should be evaluated, not only BMI.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with diabetes from a regional diabetes register, studied within 3 years from diagnosis and 2–10 years later; subset with i.v. glucagon-insulin tolerance test and elastographysubset n = 194
- Participants
- 547 adults
- Outcome
- Change in whole cohort between registration and follow-up
- Follow-up
- 4.6[2.8] years later
Methodological detailsfollow-up study, regional diabetes register
- Follow-up study
- Regional diabetes register
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- BMI change, kg/m²
- −0.9[2.6]
- HbA1c change, %
- +0.1[0.7]
- HbA1c change, mmol/mol
- +1.0[8.0]
- HOMA2-B change
- −2.5[35.9]
- HOMA2-IR change
- −0.1[1.1]
- P
- p < 0.001
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
Cluster stability
- Differences between subgroups diminished; retained same cluster in smaller insulin-deficient or insulin-resistant groups
- < 25%
- Retained same cluster in obesity- and age-related subgroups
- > 76%
- HOMA2-IR decreased significantly but remained highest in group initially characterized by insulin resistance
Association of insulin resistance/sensitivity with liver fibrosis (LF), whole cohort
- Liver insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), OR
- 3.90 [95% CI 2.05-7.42]
- Adipose tissue insulin resistance, OR
- 1.14 [1.06-1.22]
- Muscle insulin sensitivity, OR
- 0.33 [0.17-0.64]
- Steatotic liver disease (SLD) mainly related to BMI
SLD/LF by subgroup
- No statistically significant differences between subgroups in SLD/LF after adjusting for confounders
- Adjusted for confounders
Original publication
Subgroups of Adult‐Onset Diabetes: A Prospective Follow‐Up Study of Progression of Insulin Resistance and Deficiency and Association With Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 15 June 2026. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →