Sociodemographic, Clinical, and Psychosocial Predictors of Short- and Long-term Study Retention in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) Outcomes Study (DPPOS)
Authors' conclusion
Twenty-year retention of a racially and geographically diverse cohort with prediabetes is possible. Retention was associated with age, psychosocial factors, T2D development, and BMI.
Study context
- Population
- Adults at high risk of T2D (prediabetes) in the DPP (1996–1999, mean age 51 ± 10 years), randomized to lifestyle, metformin or placebo and followed through 2020 in DPPOS3,218 surviving
- Participants
- 3,234 adults
- Primary endpoint
- Study retention: short-term retention and time to dropout
- Follow-up
- ∼3 years; 20 years
Methodological detailslongitudinal, 20-year follow-up, logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards models, censoring at death
- Longitudinal
- 20-year follow-up
- Logistic regression
- Cox proportional hazards models, censoring at death
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
Retention
- Retained after 3 years among surviving participants
- 93%
- Surviving participants remaining engaged over 20 years
- 75%
- Better health state (SF-36), HR for dropout per 0.1 point
- 0.89 (95% CI 0.83-0.95)
- Greater BMI, HR per 5 kg/m² (reduced retention)
- 1.06 (95% CI 1.00-1.12)
- More recent life events, HR (reduced retention)
- 1.08 (95% CI 1.02-1.14)
- Depressive symptoms, HR per 5 points (reduced retention)
- 1.11 (95% CI 1.05-1.18)
Further findings
Retention by T2D development, adults 45-59 years at baseline
- Development of T2D associated with better retention, HR
- 0.75 (95% CI 0.58-0.97)
Original publication
Sociodemographic, Clinical, and Psychosocial Predictors of Short- and Long-term Study Retention in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) Outcomes Study (DPPOS). Diabetes Care. Published 20 June 2025. doi:10.
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