Sex‐specific associations between haemoglobin glycation index and the risk of cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality in individuals with pre‐diabetes and diabetes: A large prospective cohort study
Authors' conclusion
In the cohort study, HGI in pre-diabetic and diabetic populations was found to have a U-shaped association with CVD mortality and all-cause mortality in males and an L-shaped association with all-cause mortality only in females. Further prospective and mechanistic studies are warranted.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with pre-diabetes and diabetes, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018
- Participants
- 10,267 adults
- Exposure
- Haemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and mortality, by sex
- Outcome
- CVD mortality and all-cause mortality
- Follow-up
- Median 103.5 months
Methodological detailsmultivariate Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic splines, two-piecewise Cox proportional hazards model, sex-specific analysis
- Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models
- Restricted cubic splines
- Two-piecewise Cox proportional hazards model
- Sex-specific analysis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
HGI and CVD and all-cause mortality, by sex
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths
- 535
- All-cause deaths
- 1918
- Males: U-shaped relationship of HGI with CVD mortality, threshold point
- −0.68
- Males: U-shaped relationship of HGI with all-cause mortality, threshold point
- −0.63
- Males, before threshold: CVD mortality, HR
- 0.60 (0.41, 0.89) (95% CI)
- Males, before threshold: all-cause mortality, HR
- 0.56 (0.43, 0.74) (95% CI)
- Males, after threshold: CVD mortality, HR
- 1.46 (1.23, 1.73) (95% CI)
- Males, after threshold: all-cause mortality, HR
- 1.40 (1.23, 1.59) (95% CI)
- Females, left of threshold: all-cause mortality decreased progressively with increasing HGI, HR
- 0.50 (0.35, 0.71) (95% CI)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Sex‐specific associations between haemoglobin glycation index and the risk of cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality in individuals with pre‐diabetes and diabetes: A large prospective cohort study. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 7 March 2024. doi:10.
Composed by AI from the published abstract and checked against it. How Briefs are made →