Sex‐Based Differences in BMI and LDL‐C Trajectories Following Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosis in Youth
Main finding · BMIp changeResult — go to the resultSex × time interaction (adjusted) 7.54 CI 3.13–11.94Authors' conclusion
Females with T1D exhibit steeper early increases in adiposity and persistently higher LDL-C levels compared to males, independent of age, glycemic control, and DKA status at diagnosis. These findings underscore the importance of sex-specific metabolic monitoring and early intervention beginning at diagnosis to mitigate long-term cardiovascular risk.
Study context
- Population
- Youth with new-onset T1D; mean age 10.4 ± 3.9 years; 54.1% male
- Participants
- 542 participants
- Exposure
- Females vs males with new-onset T1D
- Outcome
- Sex differences in BMIp and LDL-C trajectories
- Follow-up
- First 2 years following T1D diagnosis
Methodological detailslinear mixed-effects models
- Linear mixed-effects models
Main finding
BMIp change · 2 years
Sex × time interaction (adjusted)
7.54
CI 3.13–11.94
P < 0.001
Change by group
Females
27.4
median · range 5.1–49.7 · percentage points
Males
13.1
median · range −4.3–30.5 · percentage points
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
LDL-C at diagnosis · higher in females
P = 0.003
LDL-C at follow-up · higher in females
P = 0.02
| Outcome | Adjusted difference (mmol/L) (CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| LDL-C adjusted differencePersistently higher in females | 0.17 (0.06–0.27) | P = 0.002 | |
| −0.200.20.4Difference, mmol/L (linear scale) |
Median
| Outcome | Females | Males | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| BMIp at diagnosisDid not differ by sex | 50.9 (IQR 19.2–84.1) | 63.0 (IQR 17.8–93.0) | P = 0.15 |
Original publication
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