Severity of Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy Is Linked to Increasing Levels of Circulating Proinflammatory Cytokines
Authors' conclusion
CAN severity is associated with increased circulating levels of IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α in T2D.
Study context
- Population
- Individuals with T2D undergoing cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) and heart rate variability (HRV) indices, sub-cohort selected from an initial cohort of 899 participantsfrom cohort of 899
- Participants
- 249 individuals
- Exposure
- Manifest cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and early CAN vs no CAN
- No CANn = 83reference
- Early CANn = 69
- Manifest CANn = 97
- Outcome
- Circulating proinflammatory cytokines (10 measured in serum)
Methodological detailssub-cohort of a T2D screening cohort, Ten cytokines measured in serum by Meso Scale Discovery multiplex technology
- Sub-cohort of a T2D screening cohort
- Ten cytokines measured in serum by Meso Scale Discovery multiplex technology
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Manifest CAN had subtle but significantly higher IL-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ vs no CAN
- TNF-α tended to be upregulated already in early CAN vs no CAN
- Higher IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α associated with worse autonomic function outcomes, incl. HRV indices and CARTs
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Severity of Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy Is Linked to Increasing Levels of Circulating Proinflammatory Cytokines. Diabetes Obes Metab. Published 8 July 2026. doi:10.
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