SARS-CoV-2 Infection and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Among Pediatric Patients, 2020 to 2022
Authors' conclusion
In this retrospective cohort study of children and adolescents aged 10 to 19 years, the risk of an incident diagnosis of T2D was greater following a COVID-19 diagnosis than in children diagnosed with ORIs. Further study is required to determine whether diabetes persists or reverses later in life.
Study context
- Population
- Pediatric patients aged 10 to 19 years without preexisting diabetes, TriNetX, January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022propensity score matched
- Participants
- 613,602 patients
- Exposure
- COVID-19 vs other respiratory infections
- COVID-19n = 306,801
- Other respiratory infections (ORIs)n = 306,801reference
- Outcome
- New diagnosis of T2D compared by risk ratios (RRs)
- Follow-up
- 1, 3, and 6 months after index infection
Methodological detailspropensity score matched, electronic health records (TriNetX)
- Propensity score matched
- Electronic health records (TriNetX)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
New diagnosis of T2D · 1, 3 and 6 months
Each group vs ORIsEstimate (95% CI)
COVID-19
RR at 1 month 1.55(1.28–1.89)
COVID-19
RR at 3 months 1.48(1.24–1.76)
COVID-19
RR at 6 months 1.58(1.35–1.85)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | Estimate | |
|---|---|---|
| New diagnosis of T2D, overweight or obesity subpopulation · 1, 3 and 6 monthsBetween COVID-19 and ORIs | RR at 1 month 2.07 (95% CI 1.12–3.83) | |
| New diagnosis of T2D, overweight or obesity subpopulation · 1, 3 and 6 monthsBetween COVID-19 and ORIs | RR at 3 months 2.00 (95% CI 1.15–3.47) | |
| New diagnosis of T2D, overweight or obesity subpopulation · 1, 3 and 6 monthsBetween COVID-19 and ORIs | RR at 6 months 2.27 (95% CI 1.38–3.75) | |
| New diagnosis of T2D, hospitalized subpopulation · 1, 3 and 6 monthsBetween COVID-19 and ORIs | RR at 1 month 3.10 (95% CI 2.04–4.71) | |
| New diagnosis of T2D, hospitalized subpopulation · 1, 3 and 6 monthsBetween COVID-19 and ORIs | RR at 3 months 2.74 (95% CI 1.90–3.96) | |
| New diagnosis of T2D, hospitalized subpopulation · 1, 3 and 6 monthsBetween COVID-19 and ORIs | RR at 6 months 2.62 (95% CI 1.87–3.66) | |
| 0.20.5125Ratio (log scale) |
New diagnosis of T2D excluding patients diagnosed from index to 1 month · 3 and 6 months
- Similar elevation in risk at 3 and 6 months
Original publication
SARS-CoV-2 Infection and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Among Pediatric Patients, 2020 to 2022. JAMA Netw Open. Published 1 October 2024. doi:10.
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