Risk of post-contrast thyroid dysfunction in non-toxic goiter: a matched cohort study
Authors' conclusion
Nontoxic goiter was linked to a 3-fold increased risk of thyroid dysfunction post-ICM, supporting targeted screening, and TSH monitoring in high-risk populations.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with intravenous iodinated contrast media (ICM) exposure after ≥1-year ICM-free baseline, 2010–2023matched cohort
- Participants
- 1,347 vs 10,776
- Exposure
- Nontoxic goiter vs matched controls after intravenous ICM exposure
- Goitern = 1,347
- Controlsn = 10,776reference
- Outcome
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-defined thyroid dysfunction
- Follow-up
- Within 2 years after ICM exposure
Methodological detailssingle-centre, 1:8 propensity-score matched
- Single-centre
- 1:8 propensity-score matched
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
within 2 years
Goiter vs ControlsEstimate (95% CI)
TSH-defined thyroid dysfunction
OR 3.46(2.57–4.66)
Adjusted model
aOR 3.10(2.39–4.02)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Goiter defined sonographically (309 vs 2472)Sensitivity analysis; 309 vs 2472 | 3.76 (2.22–6.38) | |
| 0.10.31310Odds ratio (log scale) |
Sensitivity analyses with stricter definitions (abnormal FT4/T3; thyroid-related medication)
- Consistent results
Other predictors of dysfunction
- Amiodarone use, aOR
- 11.34 (8.60-14.94) (95% CI)
- Repeated ICM exposure, aOR
- 1.54 (1.34-1.77) (95% CI)
- Female, aOR
- 1.96 (1.69-2.22) (95% CI)
Original publication
Risk of post-contrast thyroid dysfunction in non-toxic goiter: a matched cohort study. Eur J Endocrinol. Published 21 April 2026. doi:10.
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