Risk Factors for Thyroid Function Test Abnormalities During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of the Literature to Validate Current Risk Factors and Identify Novel Ones
Authors' conclusion
Evidence for most currently recommended risk factors remains limited and heterogeneous, and no novel risk factor was identified.
Study context
- Population
- Pregnant women; studies of associations of candidate variables with thyroid function test abnormalities, thyroid antibody positivity or continuous thyroid function tests (Embase, Medline Ovid, Cochrane Library to October 17, 2024)81 articles
- Comparison
- Candidate risk factors for thyroid function test abnormalities in pregnancy
- Outcome
- Associations of candidate risk factors with thyroid function test abnormalities
Methodological detailsnarrative synthesis, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment
- Narrative synthesis
- Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment
Pooled result
As reported in the abstract
- Candidate variables described
- 36
- Thyroid antibody positivity vs negativity: higher risk of overt or subclinical hypothyroidism; absolute risk of overt hypothyroidism
- 2.4-7.0% vs. 0.1-0.2%
- Thyroid antibody positivity vs negativity: absolute risk of subclinical hypothyroidism
- 1.9-29.0% vs. 2.0-5.7%
- Absolute risk of subclinical hypothyroidism with iodine deficiency
- 2.2-42.6%
- Absolute risk of subclinical hypothyroidism with iodine sufficiency
- 1.42-16.0%
- Absolute risk of subclinical hypothyroidism with iodine intake above pregnancy requirements or excess
- 3.8-24.3%
Original publication
Risk Factors for Thyroid Function Test Abnormalities During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of the Literature to Validate Current Risk Factors and Identify Novel Ones. Thyroid. Published 29 April 2025. doi:10.
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