Replacing or Supplementing Automated Insulin Delivery With Inhaled Insulin: A 90-Day Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors' conclusion
This proof-of-concept study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of TI, at a higher modified dose conversion, when added for mealtime control to an AID system or was used for glycemic control with basal insulin.
Study context
- Population
- Adults with T1D (HbA1c 7%-11%) using an automated insulin delivery (AID) system24 completed
- Participants
- 33 adults
- Comparison
- Technosphere insulin (TI) + AID vs TI + insulin degludec vs AID alone
Methodological detailsproof-of-concept
- Proof-of-concept
Primary result
As reported in the abstract
HbA1c · baseline to end of treatment (90 days)
- All groups demonstrated comparable declines in HbA1c from baseline to end of treatment (statistically significant decline for control)
Further findings
- No within- or between-group statistical differences in FEV1
Safety
Hypoglycaemia
- Severe hypoglycemic events
- 0
- Incidence and event rate of hypoglycemia <70 mg/dL and <54 mg/dL similar between groups
Adverse events
- Treatment-related serious adverse events (AEs)
- 0
- Participants with AEs of special interest related to TI (clinically relevant decline in pulmonary function and wheezing)
- 2
Original publication
Replacing or Supplementing Automated Insulin Delivery With Inhaled Insulin: A 90-Day Randomized Controlled Trial. J Diabetes Sci Technol. Published 11 November 2025. doi:10.
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