Radioactive Iodine Therapy Decreases the Recurrence of Intermediate-Risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) With Low Thyroglobulin Levels
Authors' conclusion
RAIT could decrease the recurrence risk of intermediate-risk PTC in patients with unstimulated Tg ≤ 1 ng/mL or stimulated Tg ≤ 10 ng/mL. Further prospective randomized studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Study context
- Population
- Patients with intermediate-risk PTC after total thyroidectomy with unstimulated thyroglobulin (Tg) ≤ 1 ng/mL or stimulated Tg ≤ 10 ng/mLretrospective
- Participants
- 1,487 patients
- Exposure
- RAI therapy vs no RAI therapy
- Radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT)n = 1,349
- non-RAITn = 138reference
- Outcome
- Biochemical and structural recurrence
- Follow-up
- Median 51 months
Methodological detailspropensity score matching (1:4)
- Propensity score matching (1:4)
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
non-RAIT vs RAITHazard ratio (95% CI)P value
Structural recurrence; multivariate analysis
10.572(2.439–45.843)
P = 0.002Biochemical recurrence; multivariate analysis
16.568(3.670–74.803)
P < 0.001- Structural recurrence after propensity score matching (PSM), non-RAIT vs RAIT (higher with non-RAIT); P = .046
- 5/138 vs 5/552
- Biochemical recurrence after PSM, non-RAIT vs RAIT (higher with non-RAIT); P = .005
- 6/138 vs 4/552
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | P value |
|---|---|
| Recurrence-free survival (Kaplan-Meier) | all P < .05 |
- Recurrence-free survival (Kaplan-Meier): more unfavorable RFS with non-RAIT (structural and biochemical)
Recurrence overall · median follow-up 51 months
- Patients with recurrence
- 30
- Structural recurrences
- 11
- Biochemical recurrences
- 19
Original publication
Radioactive Iodine Therapy Decreases the Recurrence of Intermediate-Risk PTC With Low Thyroglobulin Levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 30 January 2023. doi:10.
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