Quality of In-Use Insulin Under Real-World Storage Conditions in Mwanza, Tanzania
Authors' conclusion
All patients stored insulin within recommended temperature conditions; however, several samples were substandard, with some batches failing specifications. While 56.2% met United States Pharmacopeia (USP) requirements, the remaining showed variability and reduced concentrations.
Study context
- Population
- Diabetic patients attending the diabetic clinic at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC), Mwanza, Tanzania, April–July 2024; in-use insulin samples analysed by high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC), storage temperature monitored by Bluetooth data logger16 insulin batches
- Participants
- 48 patients
- Outcome
- Quality of in-use insulin (physical appearance, identity and concentration) under real-world storage conditions
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
- Batches with low active insulin content (of 16)
- 7 (43.8%)
- Batches with no active insulin at all
- 4 (25%)
- Patients using substandard insulin (of 48)
- 24 (50%)
- Patients using 2 separate vials with ≥1 vial failing standard specifications (of 26)
- 15
- Patients using a single combined vial with low insulin content (of 20)
- 7 (35%)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Original publication
Quality of In-Use Insulin Under Real-World Storage Conditions in Mwanza, Tanzania. J Diabetes Sci Technol. Published 1 July 2026. doi:10.
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