Psychiatric and Sleep Disorders in Patients With Nonfunctional Adrenal Tumors
Authors' conclusion
NFAT was associated with an increased risk of psychiatric and sleep disorders.
Study context
- Population
- Patients diagnosed with nonfunctional adrenal tumors (NFATs) 2005–2019 and controls, excluding adrenal hormone excess or previous malignancies; cases 60% women, median age 65 (IQR 56–73) years
- Participants
- 17,561 vs 122,561
- Exposure
- Patients with NFATs vs controls
- NFATsn = 17,561
- Controlsn = 122,561reference
- Outcome
- Prevalence and incidence of psychiatric and/or sleep disorders, adjusted for sex, age and socioeconomic factors
- Follow-up
- Median 5.4 years (IQR 2.4-8.6)
Methodological detailsnational, matched controls, Follow-up commenced after 90 days of cancer-free survival following NFAT diagnosis
- National
- Matched controls
- Follow-up commenced after 90 days of cancer-free survival following NFAT diagnosis
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Psychiatric and/or sleep disorders
Each group vs controlsEstimate (95% CI)
NFATs
OR (previous disorders, prevalence) 2.11(2.03–2.19)
NFATs
aOR (previous disorders, prevalence) 2.06(1.98–2.14)
NFATs
HR (incidence during follow-up) 1.92(1.83–2.02)
NFATs
aHR (incidence during follow-up) 1.92(1.82–2.01)
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Secondary outcomes
Secondary outcomes: psychiatric, sleep, substance abuse, mood, anxiety and stress-related, and psychotic disorders
- Similar increases were found in all secondary outcomes
Sensitivity analyses (acute appendicitis, gallbladder/biliary tract/pancreas disorders, 180- and 365-day cancer-free survival)
- Results in the same direction in all sensitivity analyses
Original publication
Psychiatric and Sleep Disorders in Patients With Nonfunctional Adrenal Tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Published 19 September 2025. doi:10.
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