Prevalence of low vitamin D levels among older US Asian and Pacific Islander adults
Authors' conclusion
In a large US healthcare population of older Asian/PI adults, low 25(OH)D prevalence was 1.5- to 2.7-fold higher for Asian/PI compared to NHW adults, with substantial variation by sex and ethnicity.
Study context
- Population
- Asian/Pacific Islander (PI) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) adults aged 50–89 years with measured 25(OH)D in 2012–2019 and body mass index (BMI) (within ± 1 year), California healthcare system102,556 Asian/PI, 381,724 NHW
- Participants
- 31,287 / 71,269 / 122,162 / 259,562
- Exposure
- Asian/PI vs NHW adults, by sex and ethnic subgroup
- Asian/PI menn = 31,287
- Asian/PI womenn = 71,269
- NHW menn = 122,162reference
- NHW womenn = 259,562reference
- Outcome
- Prevalence of low 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L)
Methodological detailshealthcare-system population, modified Poisson regression, adjusted prevalence ratios
- Healthcare-system population
- Modified Poisson regression, adjusted prevalence ratios
Main finding
As reported in the abstract
Low 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | aPR | P value |
|---|---|---|
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, menNative Hawaiian/PI men vs NHW men · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 2.70 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, menSouth Asian men vs NHW men · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 2.56 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, menVietnamese men vs NHW men · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 2.17 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, menChinese men vs NHW men · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 2.04 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, menKorean men vs NHW men · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 1.60 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, menFilipino men vs NHW men · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 1.58 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, menJapanese men vs NHW men · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 1.58 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, womenNative Hawaiian/PI women vs NHW women · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 2.34 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, womenSouth Asian women vs NHW women · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 2.07 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, womenVietnamese women vs NHW women · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 2.31 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, womenChinese women vs NHW women · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 1.89 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, womenKorean women vs NHW women · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 1.85 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, womenFilipino women vs NHW women · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 1.52 | P < 0.001 |
| aPR of low 25(OH)D vs NHW, womenJapanese women vs NHW women · adjusted for age, smoking, BMI, season of measurement | 1.49 | P < 0.001 |
Low 25(OH)D prevalence by Asian/PI subgroup, men
- Korean, Japanese, Filipino
- 17 to 18%
- Chinese, Vietnamese
- 22 to 24%
- South Asian
- 28%
- Native Hawaiian/PI
- 35%
Low 25(OH)D prevalence by Asian/PI subgroup, women
- Japanese, Filipina, Chinese, Korean
- 11 to 14%
- South Asian, Vietnamese
- 17 to 18%
- Native Hawaiian/PI
- 26%
Original publication
Prevalence of low vitamin D levels among older US Asian and Pacific Islander adults. Osteoporos Int. Published 29 August 2024. doi:10.
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