Premenstrual Disorders, Timing of Menopause, and Severity of Vasomotor Symptoms
Main finding · Early natural menopause (before age 45 years)Result — go to the resultAdjusted hazard ratio 2.67 95% CI 1.27–5.59Authors' conclusion
In this cohort study of US women, PMDs were associated with increased risks of early menopause and moderate or severe VMS. PMDs may be indicative of underlying physiology linked to early menopause and VMS, suggesting a phenotype observable during the reproductive years that may allow clinicians to target women at risk of earlier menopause and subsequent health risks later in the life course.
Study context
- Population
- US women in the Nurses' Health Study II without natural or surgical menopause before study entry; questionnaires 1991–2017
- Participants
- 1,220 vs 2,415
- Exposure
- Women with premenstrual disorders (PMDs) vs women without PMDs
- PMDsn = 1,220
- Without PMDsn = 2,415reference
- Outcome
- Timing of natural menopause (assessed biennially) and VMS (assessed in 2009, 2013 and 2017)
- Follow-up
- Through 2017
Methodological detailsprospective, nested in the Nurses' Health Study II, age-matched, Data analyzed from August 2022 to March 2023
- Prospective
- Nested in the Nurses' Health Study II
- Age-matched
- Data analyzed from August 2022 to March 2023
Main finding
Early natural menopause (before age 45 years)
Adjusted hazard ratio
2.67
95% CI 1.27–5.59
Events by group
PMDs
7.1 per 1000 person-years
17 of 1220
Without PMDs
2.7 per 1000 person-years
12 of 2415
As reported in the abstract
Observational data: associations, not effects.
Further findings
| Outcome | PMDs | Without PMDs | aOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moderate or severe VMS | 68.3% | 55.3% | 1.68 (1.32–2.14) | |
| Mild VMS | 0.99 (0.76–1.28) | |||
| 0.512Adjusted odds ratio (log scale) |
Age at baseline
Mild vasomotor symptoms (VMS)
- No observed association between PMDs and mild VMS
Original publication
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